Railway-signal.



1%., 866,331. PATENTED SE'IUT. 17, 1907.

.F. B. GAMORS & 0. PELLETIER.

RAILWAY SIGNAL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1. 1906.

N a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' No. 866,331. r PATENTED SEPT.17, 1907. P. B. GAM RS & 0. PELLETIER.

RAILWAY QIGNAL,

APPLICATION FIKJED MAY 1. 1906. I h a SHEETS-SHEET z,

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TLZILLl Q PM 5 IW-i r LJLLLJZLLJ j LII ., No. 866,331. PATENTED SEPT.17, 1907. F. B. GAMORS & G. PELLETIBR.

RAILWAY SIGNAL. I APPLICATION FILED MAY 1. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEEI 3.

9/9 in emu UNITED s ArnsPATnNT oirrron.

FREDERIU l5. OAMORS AND CHART/ES llJLLE'lllllt, OF NEW Ultl'iliiiNSJLOUTSIANA.

RAILWAY-SIGNAL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 17, 1907.

Application filed May 1,1906. Serial No- 314,706.

To (2Z1 whom it may concern:

lie it known that we, FREDERIU l. t iinons and (tinnitus PIILLE'IIER,citizens of the United States and the Republic oi Flfilllft.respectively, residing at NeWNOrleans, in the parish of Orleans andState of Louisiana, have invented new and useful llilplovcmerits inRailway-3ignals, of which the vfollowing; is specification.

Our invention pertains to railway signals of the l.0 -electric type, andconsists in the peculiar and :idvnnvments.

equipped with our improvement tageous claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification: Figure1 is a View illustrating diagrammatically a section of track, two carson said section of track, and the car and track equipments of ourimprovements; the lower wire extending between the rails indicating thatsaid rails are continual ions of each other, and the next upper wireextending between the conductor bars indicating that said bars arecontinuations of each other. Fig. 2 is an. enlarged View of an indicatoror ohmnietcr, one of which is included in the equipment of each car.

electric signal hereinafter described and Fig. .l is n similar view ofone of the commutators oi the cur equip- Fig. 4 is a broken plan view ofa section of track provided with the track portion of our improvements.Fig. 5 is a plan View of a siding switch the said switch being shown asopen 1 in position to cause a train to pass from the main track into thesiding. Fig. (i is a 'brolien view illustrating one of the carequipments as carried by an ordinary locomotive. Fig. 7 is an enlarged,detail View of one of the devices through the medium of which the bellcircuits are compleled and the bells caused to ring until the saidcircuits are broken by the engineers on the respective cars. Fig. 8 is adiagrammatic view of the semaphore mechanism comprised in ourimprovements. l t) is an en larged detail View illustrating onecommutator and the electrical connections therefor. vFig. to is itdetail section illustratingtthe commutator handle. Fig. til

is a detail side elevationshowing the commutator hook of one telephoneand certain appurtenances thereof. Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view ofcertain telephone elements hereinafter referred to in detail. Fig. 1.3is an enlarged crosssection of the block l of the telephone.

Referring by letters and numerals to said drawings and more particularlyto Figs. 1 to 7, thereof: m m are track rails comprised in the brokensection of track shown in Fig. 4, and p is a conductor bar arranged be-1 tween the rails m and on-insulators q, whereby it is ductor scctioir71 and adjoining bars of the same kind, bars I, each of which ispreferably about two miles long, are ar ranged. 'lhe said bars I aresuitably insulated from the earth, and said bars are only conductors atsuch times as they may be in contact with the brushes on the cars. Thesaid brushes being connected electrically will make these bars L aliveduring the passage of the train only; there being three brushes on eachcar in order to make the contacts regardless of the direction the trainmay be traveling in. The conductor 7: not being continuous, the bars tmerely serve to establish electric communication between the twoscctions of conductor 7) by means of the contact brushes on the cars.

lirl ig. l, the lower Wire m, indicates that the rails between which itextends are continuous rails ol :1. single track, and the next upperwire 7) indicates that the conductor bars p between which it extends areparts of a continurms bar in the longitudinal center of the said singletrack.

'lwo car equipments A A aroshown in Fig. .l. 'lhcse car equipments aresimilar in construction, and therefore a detailed description of theequipment shown at the left of Fig. i will sullicc toimpart a dctinitcundcrstanding of both. The said equipment comprises a case a, anindicator or ohnnncter I) ior informing the engineer regarding theproximity and the distance in miles in front or in rear of another trainon the same section of track, an electric bcll-c, a device r! forcompleting the circuit of the bell c, a volt-meter c for testing thecondition of the sources of electric energy, presently described, apeculiar coinniutatorf, a source of electric energy g, preferably a. setof galvanic batteries, a source oi elcctrih energy It, preferably a setof gal ranic bnttcrics, a. source of electric energy 7, prcl'critbly asingle galvanic battery, three brushcs r electrically connectedtogether, a. conductor 1 leading to the conductivc hnme carrying thebrushes r, U. brush r, Fig. It, bearing against an axle oi the car andserving in cornbination with said axle and the wheels thereon to form aconductor I, shown diagrammatically in 1, designed to lead current tothe rails in, a peculiar currcnt-reverser is designed to be operatedirom the axle oi the car and arranged to change the direction of thecurrent. at intervals, say every quarter of a mile, and a telephone ldesigned to enable the engineer to converse with the engineer of an thercar on the same conln the current reverser is two conductive sections 2,preferably of brass, are electrically connected by a conductor 2 andbetween said sections z", sections of insulating material 2 arearranged. These parts are all carried by a drum, and to the drum areopposed four'equi-distant brushes z as shown. When two opposite brushes2 are presented to the insulating sections 2", there will of course beno current passing between the said brushes, but when the drum is turnedthrough a quarter of a revolution, a passage for the current will bcestablished between the mentioned brushes for the current. v

The ind cator or ohnlnieter I) comprisesa box b for excluding (lust andmoisture, a dial b divided into two parts for use in indicating thedistancein miles between two points of danger on the track, an armatureb, a coil b whose resistance is calculated for the length 'of thesection, and a pointer b of proper weight. The said pointer b isdesigned to extend to the left or the right to indicate the position ofthe car, relative to another car; The electric hell 0 is preferably 01'the conventional-type and need not, therefore,,be described in detail.The device d for completing the circuit of the bell c, is, however, ofthe peculiar construction l shown in Fig. 7that is, it comprises a dustand waterproof case 1, a conductive support (1" therein, electrornagnetsa" arranged on the support (2 and having coils of great resistanceelectrically connected together, wires 1. in circuit with the coils ofthe magnets (1 a conductive support (1", an armature (1 connecte to thesupport d, a tractile spring d for pulling the'armature d 7 back whenthe magnets (F are d'cnergized, and a spring catch (1" having a beveledhead d designed to engage the armature r! and hold the same against themagnets and also having a handle (I extending outside the case anddesigned to enable the engineer to readily draw the catch out ofengagement with armature a to perinit the latter to move away from themagnets and thereby break-the bell circuit.

It will be noticed by reference-to Figs. 1 and 7, that when the magnets11' are energized by current passing through the wires 1, the armature(1. will be attracted to the magnets a" and will be held there-againstby the head 11" or catch a. Because of this, the circuit in which thebell c is arranged will be completed, and hence current will pass fromthe positive pole of the source of electric energy It through the wire 2between the said pole-and hell 0, the Wire 2 between said bell c and theconductive support (1", Fig. 7, the cores of the electro-inagnets (1 thearmature 1, the conductive support d, and the wire 2 between saidsupport flu and the negative pole of the said source pt energy h. Inconsequence of this the hell .0 will be caused to ring with a View ofattracting the notice of the engineer,

until the engineer through the medium of the handle disengages catch (Ifrom the arniature (1 when the spring (i will pull the said armature:71" away from the magnets (i and the bell circuit will be broken andthe bell silenced. The connnutalm-f, Figs 1, 3, fl and 10, comprisesseven contact. piocesj", two of which are c nnected through wires ti and7, respectively. Figs. 1 and fl, with the positive pole of the set ofbatteries 1; and the positive pole of the set of batteries It. a piece/taking alternately the positive ol the sets ol' batteries 1} and itthrough certain of the contact picccsf and (:Ulllltrtlt'll through awire 1, Figs. l and 9, with the positive of the volt-meter c, and aninsulated arm f having atits extrcmity a piece of copperf" used inconnecting two (oniact pieces/ as shown in Fig. 9. Three of the com tactpiccl-s f are electrically connected together. and are also connectedthrough wire 5 with the negative of the volt-meter a. With theconnuutalor arranged as shown in Fi 0 tor the control of the batteriesin set a i h, the current from the positive pole of the said set ll,passes through wire 7, one contact piece 1" the piece of copper f thenthrough wire 1 to the positive of the volt-meter e, then through saidvolt-meter, then back through the wire 5 to one of the electricallyconnected contact pieces f then through the said connected con tactpieces f the contact part f the contact piece f at the left thereof andthrough wire 4 to the negative pole of the set-oi batteries It. -Whenthe partsf' and fir'are placed in a position opposite to that shown inFi, 9, the same results are obtained for the control of theibatteries inset 9. I i

The electrical connections illustrated are such that on the sameconductor'p, the electric current passes from the positive pole of theset of batteries 9 in the equipment at the left of Fig. 1 through thewire 1 to' and through the current reverser l: of said equipment,

then through the wire 1 to the telephone 1 oi said to'the telephone l ofthe equipment at the right of Fig. 1, then past the brushes of saidtelephone at 1 then through the wire 1 of said equipment to and throughthe current rcverser lo 01' said equipment, then through the wirel ol'the equipment to and through the ohnlnicter 1) thereof, then through'thewire 1 to and through the coils of the magnets d in the device (1 of'said equipment, then through the wire 1 to the tele phone l of the saidequipment, past the brushes of the said telephone at 1", then throughthe conductor 1 of said equipment to the brush frame-and the middlebrush '1" thereof, then through the conductor 12, then through themiddle brush 7' and the brush hanger of the equipment at the left ofFig. 1, then throughthe conductor 1 of the latter equipment to thetelephone when two cars equipped with our improvements are 1 thereof,then past the brushes of the said telephone,

as indicated byl l, then through the wirel of said equipment to andthrough the coils of the electromagnets?! in the device a. thereof, thenthrough the wire 1 to and through the ohmmetei' b of said equipment, andthen through the wire 1 to the negative pole of the setol' batteries 9of said equipment.

Because of the electric current taking the course just described fromthe positive pole of the set of batteries 9 in the equipment at the leftof Fig. 1 back to the negative pol aoi the said set of batteries 9, theelectro-mag nets af 1p the devices d of both equipments are energized,and the bells c of both equipments are set ringing because of thecompletion of the independent bell- ,circuits-'i. 0., the circuits eachof whichincludes a bell c, a set of batteries h, and wires 2. It willalso be noticed that the bells 0 will continue to ring with a view ofputting the er'igineers on notice until the engineers by pullingdownward on the handles d of devices drm lease inearinatures d? from thecatches 1Z of said de= vices to permit of movement of the armaturesunder the action of the springs d in a direction'away from theeleetro-nmgnets (1 .It will be further noticed that on the completion orthe circuit including the .two equip; ments, the wins], the rails or.and the conductors p, the pointers oi the two ohmmcters will indicatethe distance the two equipments or cars are apart, and the ohmmetcrpointer of each equipment or car will iridi- Cate the relative locationof the other equipment or cari. 0., whether itis behind or in front ofits respective car. At this point we deem it well to state that theengineers ordinarily will not release the armatures (1 from the catchesr1 until after the described circuit from the positive pole of the setof batteriesg of the equipment at the left of Fig. 1. back to thenegative pole of the said set. of batteries y is broken by the re movalof the telephone receivers and transmitters l'rom the commutator hooksof the telephones in-the manner which will now be described in detail.

In Fig. l], the telephone brushes l and l of the equipment at the leftof Fig. 1, and the telephone com.

1nutator-hook 15 of said equipment are shown in their normal positionsi.c., the positions they occupy when the body B carrying the telephonereceiver and transmitter D is hung on the hook B, and consequently thetwo brushes Z are together or in contact. as are also the two brushes Zto complete the circuit described from the positive pole of thebatteries {1 in the equipment at the left of Fig. 1 back to the negativepole of said batteries. When, however, the body ll of the telephone isremoved from the hook B, and the inner arm of the said hook gravitatcsor swings downward, the wcdgedike block i l lg. l3, carried by the bookwill move down between and thereby separate the brushes l and thesimilar block I also carried by the hook will assume a position betweenand separate the brushes 0, all as clearly shown in the diagrammaticview Fig. 12. The said blocks Z" and 1 respectively comprise a sectionoi conductive material and a section of insulining. matcrial, and henceit follows that when the blocks are in the position shown in Fig. 12,one brush Z will be electrically separated from the other, and thebrushes l will also be electrically separated. On the replacing'of thebody ii on the hook B, the blocks 1 and 1 will be carried from betweenthe brushes 1 l and Z Z, respectively, when the brushes I will springtogether as will also the brushes Z In Fig. 12, the brushes Z and thebrushes l of one equipment. are shown electrically separated; and whenthe brushes l" of the other equipment are similarlyseparated itwill beseen that the telephones ol the two equipments will be connectedthroughthc rail in and the conductor 7) so as to enable the engineersonthe two trains to converse with a vicw of imparting detailedinformation each to the other. In this connection it will be noticedthat; the positive and negative poles olthe liattery h' of eachequipmcntare electrically connected with the telephone thereof throughwires 5} in the manner well known in the telephone art and which neednot, therefore, bedcscribed in detail.

At crossings and other necessary points where there is travel acrr s thetrack we conten'iplatc dispensing with the upper conductors pand t andelectrically con necting the port ions oi said conductors p and tat.opposite sides, oi the crossing by wires or other suitable meansextending below the surface of the crossing.

n, Fig. 5, is a boi: located at; one side oi the track adjacent to asiding switch and containing a stationary contact. piece l) and amovable contact piece Fr.

'0 is an electrical connection between the movable contact; piece 15 andthe conductor 1).

'w and 11/ art; movable switch rails or points; the rail to b ingpermanently connected in an electrical phore is set against him.

manner to the adjacent main track rail in and elecan electricalconnection between the stationary contact piece E and the switch railto.

F is a rod connecting the switch rails in and 10 so as to cause the sameto move together.

Gr is a switch-moving rod connected to the rod F, and ll representsmeans through which the rod G is connected with but insulated from themovable contact piece 1'). By virtue of this construction it will beseen that when the rod G is moved to open the switch as shown in Fig. 5it will move the contact piece E against the contact piece E, while whensaid rod G is moved to Close the switch and reestablish the main line,it will move the Contact piece E away from the contact piece E. With theswitch open and the contact pieces I: E together as shown in Fig. 5, theswitch rail 11; is electrically connected with the conductor p, andhence when a car is on .the section of conductor 1) in which the switchis arranged, the circuit from-the positive pole of the set of batteries1 0n the car to the negative pole of said set of batteries will becompleted through the railvrid'switch tail w, conductor '14), com tactpieces Band B, conductor v and conductor 7), and hence the hell 0 in thecar will be caused to ring, and at the same time the pointer oi theohmmeter I) will be caused to extend to one of the marks S as to givenotice to the engineer that a switch in the section is open, and informhim whether the open switch is in front or in rear of this car.

For the purpose of apprising the engineer of a train that the train ison a section of track where the sums" phore is set against his train 'i.(5., positioned to warn the engineer of danger, we provide thech-ctromechanical means shown in Fig. 8. The said means comprises a bellcrank m or working a semaphore n :1. rod p connected to said bell crankand equipped with an arm If, a stationary contact r connected to abodyot insulating material s and electrically connected through a wire tto theconductor p, a movable'contact 167 mounted on the insulatingmaterial 5 and nornc'illy resting away from the contact piece 1' andelcc-' ranged to be pressed'forward by the arm on rod p and a spring zin the casing 2: for moving the rod rcarwardly and normally holding thecontact a away from the contact 1' shown by dotted lines. it will heunderstood from the foregoing that when the rod 19 is moved forward tomove the semaphore to the danger position illustrated, the contact nwill engage the contact 'r" as shown by hill lilies with the result thatthe insulatedconductor p is placed in closed circuit with the rails bythe wires t and 11 From this it follows that when a carprovidcd with ournovel equipment arrives in the section in which the semaphore islocated, the bell cand thoohmmotcr b of said equipment will be- :tn'atcdto notify the engineer that the sema- When the semaphore is set for aclear main track, the contact 117 obviously rests away irom the contactr and hence no notice is given the engineer. i

Having described our desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:

l. A railway signal apparatus of the electric type, COlIl prising asection of track, a conductor insulated from the earth, a car nipix-ihicon the track, means cnrricdhy the car for makingelectrical contact withone of the rails of the track, means carried by the car for making:electric contact with the said conductor, an clecl'r al signal carricdby the car, a source of electric encr;. the car and arranged in anormally open circuit with the electric signal, an electro-mechaniraldevice carried by the car for closing the .aid circuit and actuating"the clack i signal, the said clertro-mcchanical device being arranged ina normally inlcrruplcd signaling: circuit: wilh a source of electricenergy. a telephone. one of the tract: rails and the conductor and thesaid telephone carried by the ear and arranged in a third circuit with asource of electric cncry the track rail and they conductor and having acommutator hook and means whereby the signaling circuit is unall'cctedwhen the commutator hook is in one position and is interrupted when saidhook is in another position, and the third or telephone circuit isuninterrupted when the cmunuilator honl' in the last mentioned positionand is interrupted when lid hook is in thc lirsi mentioned position.

234 A railway signal apparatus of the prising a St'l'iitlll of track,conductor sections: separated from each olln-r and insulated from theearth. a e mductor extending in the same direction as the tirstmentioned conductors and arranged opposite the space between the sameand insulated from the earth, a car movable on the track, means carriedby the car for making electrical contact with one of the rails of thetrack, brushes carried by the car and arranged side by side to engagethe said conductor sections and conductor. and electrically connectedtogcthcr, an electric s gnal carried by the car, a source of electricP|ll!l' also carricd hy the car and arranged in a normally opcn ircuitwith the electric signal, an ohmnu-tcr carried by the car, an cittro-nuuzhanical devicecarried by the on r for closing the raid circuit.and artuat electric type. roar invention, what we claim and a 0 carriedby vductor ing the electric signal; the said electromechanical devicebeing: arranged in a normally interrupted signaling circuit with asource of electric energy, the ohmrneter, a telephone, one of the trackrails and the brushes, and the said telephone carried by the car andarranged in a third circuit with a source of electric energ the trackrail and the brushes and having a commutator hook and means whereby thesignaling circuit is unaffected when the commutator hook is in oneposition and is interrupted when said hook is in another position, phonecircuit is uninterrupted when the commutator hook is in the lastmentioned position and is interrupted when said hook is in the firstmentioned position.

3. A railway signal apparatus of the electric type, comprising a sectionof track, conductor sections separated from each other-and insulatedfrom the. earth, a conductor extending in the same direction as thefirst mentioned conductors and arranged opposite the space between thesame and insulated from the earth, a car movable on the track, meanscarried by the car for making electrical contact with one of the railsof the track, brushes carried by the car and arranged side by side toengage the said conscctlons and conductor and electrically connectedtogether, a current revcrscr carried by the car and ar ranged to derivemotion from one of the wheels thereof, an electric signal carried by thecar, a source of electric energy alsocarriedby the car and arranged in anormally open circuit with the electric signal, an;ohmmeter carried bythe car, an electromechanical device carried by the car for closing thesaid circuit and actuating the electric signal; the saidelectro-mechanical device being arranged in a normally interruptedsignaling circuit with a source 01' electric energy, the currentrevel-sci, the ohmmcter, a telephone, one of the track rails and thebrushes, and the said telephone carried by the car and arranged in athird circuit with a source of electric energy,

Witnesses 'ILLIAM Rumow, lino. W. KENDALL,

